Ikirahure cyangwa plastike: Niki Cyiza Kubidukikije?

Ikirahure cyangwa plastike, niyihe mubyukuri irusha ibidukikije?Nibyiza, tugiye gusobanura ibirahuri vs plastike kugirango ubashe gufata icyemezo cyuzuye kubyo ugomba gukoresha.

Ntabwo ari ibanga ko hari inganda nyinshi zikora amacupa mashya yikirahure, ibibindi, nibindi byinshi buri munsi.Byongeye, hariho inganda nyinshi zikora plastike nayo.Tugiye kubisenya kubwanyu no gusubiza ibibazo byanyu nkibishobora ikirahure gishobora gukoreshwa, ni ikirahuri kibora, kandi ni plastiki umutungo kamere.

Ikirahure vs Plastike

Iyo urebye imyanda ya zeru, ugomba kubona toni na toni z'amashusho y'ibirahuri ahantu hose.Kuva kumyanda yimyanda kugeza mubibindi biri mububiko bwacu, ikirahuri kirazwi cyane mumiryango ya zero.

Ariko ni iki duhangayikishijwe n'ibirahure?Nibyiza rwose kubidukikije kuruta plastiki?Ikirahuri kirashobora kwangirika cyangwa cyangiza ibidukikije?

Plastike ikunda kubona rep mbi rwose kubashinzwe ibidukikije - ibyo bifite byinshi byo gukora mubyukuri 9 ku ijana gusa byongeye gukoreshwa.Ibyo byavuzwe, hari byinshi byo gutekerezaho ukurikije ibijyanye no gukora no gutunganya ibirahuri na plastike, tutibagiwe nubuzima bwacyo.

Ninde mubyukuri guhitamo ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije iyo umanutse, ikirahure cyangwa plastike?Nibyiza, ahari igisubizo ntigisobanutse neza nkuko ubitekereza.Ikirahuri cyangwa plastiki byangiza ibidukikije?

Ikirahure:

Reka duhere ku gusesengura buri kintu cya zeru gikunda: Ikirahure.Icya mbere, ni ngombwa kumenya ko ikirahuri aribidasubirwaho, gusubira ku mikoreshereze yacyo ya mbere.

Ntabwo itakaza ubuziranenge nubuziranenge, nubwo inshuro zingahe zongera gukoreshwa….ariko mubyukuri birasubirwamo?

Ukuri kubyerekeye ikirahure

Icyambere, gukora ikirahure gishya bisaba umucanga.Mugihe dufite toni zumucanga kumyanyanja, mubutayu, no munsi yinyanja, turayikoresha byihuse kuruta umubumbe ushobora kuyuzuza.

Dukoresha umucanga kuruta uko dukoresha amavuta, kandi ubwoko bwumucanga bwonyine bushobora gukoreshwa kugirango akazi karangire (oya, umucanga wo mubutayu ntushobora gukoreshwa).Hano hari ibindi byerekeranye nibibazo:

• Ahanini, umucanga usarurwa mu ruzi no ku buriri bwo mu nyanja.
• Gukura umucanga mubidukikije nabyo birahungabanya urusobe rwibinyabuzima, urebye ibinyabuzima bituye kuri byo bigaburira umusingi wibiryo.
• Gukuraho umucanga mumababi yinyanja abaturage bafunguye umwuzure nisuri.

Kubera ko dukeneye umucanga kugirango dukore ibirahuri bishya, urashobora kubona aho iki cyaba ikibazo.

Ibibazo byinshi hamwe nikirahure

Ikindi kibazo cyikirahure?Ikirahure kiremereye kuruta plastiki, kandi kimeneka cyane mugihe cyo gutambuka.

Ibi bivuze ko itanga imyuka myinshi mu bwikorezi kuruta plastiki kandi igatwara amafaranga menshi yo gutwara.

Ikirahure gishobora gutunganywa?

Ikindi kintu ugomba gusuzuma niibirahuri byinshi ntabwo mubyukuri bikoreshwa.Mubyukuri, 33 ku ijana gusa by'ibirahure by'imyanda byongera gukoreshwa muri Amerika.

Iyo urebye toni miliyoni 10 za metero yikirahure ikajugunywa buri mwaka muri Amerika, ntabwo aricyo gipimo cyo hejuru cyane.Ariko ni ukubera iki gutunganya ibicuruzwa biri hasi cyane?Dore impamvu nke:

• Hariho impamvu nyinshi zitunganya ibirahuri biri hasi cyane: Ikirahuri gishyirwa mumashini ikoreshwa neza nkigifuniko cyimyanda ihendutse kugirango ibiciro bigabanuke.
• Abaguzi bitabira "kwifuza-gusiganwa ku magare" aho bajugunya ibintu bidasubirwaho mu bikoresho bitunganyirizwa kandi bakanduza ibinini byose.
• Ibirahuri byamabara birashobora gusa gukoreshwa no gushonga hamwe namabara.
• Windows na Pyrex bakeware ntibishobora gukoreshwa kubera uburyo byakozwe kugirango bihangane nubushyuhe bwinshi.

Ikirahuri gishobora kubora?

Icya nyuma ariko ntabwo ari gito, ikirahuri gifata imyaka miriyoni kugirango ibore mubidukikije, wenda ndetse birenze mumyanda.

Muri rusange, ibyo nibibazo bine byingenzi nibirahure bigira ingaruka kubidukikije.

Noneho, reka dusesengure ubuzima bwikirahure hafi.

Uburyo ikirahuri gikozwe:

Ikirahuri gikozwe mu mutungo kamere-wose, nk'umucanga, ivu rya soda, hekeste hamwe nikirahure cyongeye gukoreshwa.

Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko tubuze umucanga ukoreshwa mu gukora ibirahuri mbere.

Kwisi yose, turanyuze5Toni miliyari 0 z'umucanga buri mwaka.Ibyo bikubye kabiri amafaranga yakozwe na buri ruzi kwisi.

Ibyo bikoresho bibisi bimaze gusarurwa, bijyanwa munzu yicyiciro aho bigenzurwa hanyuma byoherezwa mu itanura kugirango bishonge, aho bishyuha kugeza kuri dogere 2600 kugeza 2800 Fahrenheit.

Nyuma, banyura muri conditioning, gukora, no kurangiza mbere yo kuba ibicuruzwa byanyuma.

Ibicuruzwa byanyuma bimaze gukorwa, biratwarwa kugirango bishobore gukaraba no guhindurwa, hanyuma bikoherezwa mububiko bwo kugurisha cyangwa gukoresha.

Iyo bigeze ku ndunduro yubuzima, birakusanywa (twizere ko) byakusanyirijwe hamwe.

Kubwamahirwe, burimwaka kimwe cya gatatu cyonyine cya toni zigera kuri miriyoni 10 zikirahure Abanyamerika bajugunye.

Ibisigaye bijya mu myanda.

Iyo ikirahuri cyegeranijwe kandi kigakoreshwa neza, kigomba gutangira iki gikorwa cyo gutwarwa, kunyura mubyiciro, nibindi byose bikurikira.

Ibyuka bihumanya ikirere +

Nkuko ushobora kubyiyumvisha, ubu buryo bwose bwo gukora ibirahure, cyane cyane gukoresha ibikoresho byisugi, bifata igihe kinini, imbaraga, nubutunzi.

Na none, ingano yo gutwara ikirahuri igomba kunyuramo yongeyeho, nayo, itera imyuka myinshi mugihe kirekire.

Amatanura menshi akoreshwa mu gukora ibirahuri nayo akoreshwa ku bicanwa biva mu kirere, bityo bigatera umwanda mwinshi.

Ingufu zose z’ibicanwa zikoreshwa mu gukora ibirahuri muri Amerika ya Ruguru, ingufu z’ibanze zikenewe (PED), wagereranije megajoule 16,6 (MJ) kuri kilo 1 (kg) yikirahure cyakozwe.

Ubushyuhe bukabije ku isi (GWP), bita imihindagurikire y’ikirere, wagereranije kugera kuri 1.25 MJ kuri kg 1 yikirahure cyakozwe.

Iyi mibare ikubiyemo buri cyiciro cyo gupakira ubuzima bwikirahure.

Niba urimo kwibaza, megajoule (MJ) nigice cyingufu zingana na miliyoni imwe joules.

Imikoreshereze ya gaze yumutungo ipimirwa muri megajoules kandi yandikwa hakoreshejwe metero ya gaze.

Gushyira ibipimo bya karuboni natanze mubitekerezo byiza kurushaho, litiro 1 ya lisansi ihwanye na megajoules 34.8, Agaciro keza cyane (HHV).

Muyandi magambo, bisaba munsi ya litiro ya lisansi kugirango ikore kg 1 yikirahure.

Igipimo cyo gutunganya ibicuruzwa:

Niba uruganda rukora ibirahuri rwakoresheje 50% byongeye gukoreshwa kugirango rukore ibirahuri bishya, noneho habaho kugabanuka kwa 10% muri GWP.

Mu yandi magambo, igipimo cya 50 ku ijana cyo gutunganya cyakuraho toni miliyoni 2.2 za metero za CO2 mu bidukikije.

Nibyo bihwanye no gukuraho imyuka ya CO2 yimodoka zigera ku 400.000 buri mwaka.

Ariko, ibi byashoboka gusa tuvuze ko byibuze 50 ku ijana byikirahure byongeye gukoreshwa neza kandi bigakoreshwa mugukora ibirahuri bishya.

Kugeza ubu, 40 ku ijana by'ibirahuri byajugunywe mu cyegeranyo kimwe cyo gutunganya ibintu mu buryo busanzwe.

Mugihe ikirahure gishobora gukoreshwa rwose, birababaje, hari ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bihitamo kumenagura ikirahuri no kugikoresha nk'igifuniko cy'imyanda aho.

Ibi bihendutse kuruta gutunganya ibirahuri, cyangwa gushaka ikindi kintu gitwikiriye imyanda.Igipfukisho c'imyanda ni uruvange rw'ibinyabuzima, ibinyabuzima na inert (nk'ikirahure).

Ikirahure nk'igifuniko cy'imyanda?

Ibifuniko by'imyanda bikoreshwa mu kugenzura impumuro mbi imyanda itanga, gukumira udukoko, gukumira inkongi y'umuriro, guca intege imyanda, no kugabanya amazi y'imvura.

Kubwamahirwe, gukoresha ibirahuri kugirango utwikire imyanda ntabwo bifasha ibidukikije cyangwa kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere kuko ahanini biri munsi yikirahure cyamagare kandi bikarinda gukoreshwa.

Menya neza ko ureba mu mategeko y’ibanze yo gutunganya mbere yo gutunganya ibirahure, kugirango ugenzure kabiri bizakoreshwa neza.

Gusubiramo ibirahuri ni sisitemu ifunze-ifunguye, ntabwo rero irema imyanda yinyongera cyangwa ibicuruzwa.

Iherezo ry'ubuzima:

Birashoboka ko waba mwiza gufata ikirahuri ukongera ukagisubiramo mbere yuko ujugunya muri bine.Dore impamvu nke zibitera:

• Ikirahure gifata igihe kinini cyane cyo kumeneka.Mubyukuri, birashobora gufata icupa ryikirahure imyaka miriyoni kugirango ibore mubidukikije, birashoboka ndetse birenze iyo biri mumyanda.
• Kuberako ubuzima bwacyo ari burebure, kandi kubera ko ikirahuri kidasohora imiti iyo ari yo yose, nibyiza ko wongera ukongera ukagikoresha inshuro nyinshi mbere yo kugitunganya.
• Kuberako ikirahuri kidakoreshwa kandi nticyemewe, ntaho bihurira hagati yo gupakira ibirahuri nibicuruzwa imbere, bikavamo nta kibi nyuma yuburyohe - burigihe.
• Byongeye kandi, ikirahuri gifite igipimo cya zeru hafi yimikoranire yimiti, yemeza ko ibicuruzwa biri mumacupa yikirahure bikomeza uburyohe, imbaraga nimpumuro nziza

Ndakeka ko ariyo mpamvu imyanda myinshi ya zeru ishishikariza abantu kuzigama ibibindi byabo byubusa kugirango bongere bakoreshe.

Nibyiza kubika ibiryo ukura mububiko bwibiribwa byinshi, ibisigara, nibicuruzwa byo murugo.